Table 2 General input variables used to estimate disease costs (animal numbers, production parameters, morbidity rates and prices)
Variable | Unit | Notation | Value for cattle | Value for sheep | Value for goats | Explanation | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Proportion of lactating females among adult animals | % | PLF | 0.53 | 0.63 | 0.63 | Estimated based on survey data considering the ratio of dry to lactating animals and the median proportion of female animals in a herd | Survey |
Number of young animals | Heads | NY | 6 | 26 | 26 | Information provided by the respondents | Survey |
Number of adult animals | Heads | NA | 16 | 35 | 35 | ||
Morbidity rate in young animals | Year−1 | MbY | Pert (0.017, 0.021, 0.025) | Pert (0.1, 0.125, 0.15) | Pert (0.1, 0.125, 0.15) | High morbidity rate due to the reported high prevalence of schistosomiasis in the regions | Expert opinion and literature |
Morbidity rate in adult animals | Year−1 | MbA | Pert (0.017, 0.021, 0.025) | Pert (0.1, 0.125, 0.15) | Pert (0.1, 0.125, 0.15) | ||
Average duration of clinical illness if animal treated (days) | d | DCIT | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | When praziquantel is used, the animals will improve within a few days, as parasites start dying very soon | Assumption |
Average duration of clinical illness if animal is not treated (days) | d | DCI | 183.0 | 183.0 | 183.0 | When animals are not treated, they will not recover and will be continually ill. Infection and clinical illness could start at the beginning of the year or anytime throughout. Here, a mid-year infection and subsequent clinical illness is assumed | Assumption |
Average duration of lactation in healthy females | d | DLF | 270.0 | 260.0 | 260.0 | In cows, average duration for lactation in Senegal is 210–270 days (7 to 9 months); the majority of respondents reported a lactation duration of 6 to 12 months. Therefore, the 9-month value was chosen. In dams, average duration for lactation is 260 days according to existing literature | |
Average duration without the animals sold and not replaced in the herd/flock | d | DS | 183.0 | 183.0 | 183.0 | It is assumed that animals are sold mid-year and will therefore not be present in the herd or flock for half of the year | Assumption |
Daily milk quantity in healthy female | l | MHA | Pert (1.0, 2, 3.5) | Pert (0.5, 1.0, 1.2) | Pert (0.5, 1.0, 1.2) | Median values from survey used as a basis | Survey |
Daily concentrate feed quantity in healthy animals | kg | FHA | Pert (3.0, 4.0, 5.0) | Pert (0.8, 1, 1.2) | Pert (0.8, 1, 1.2) | Value mentioned most often in group discussion | FGD |
Daily supplement quantity in healthy animals | kg | SHA | Pert (0.8, 0.1, 0.12) | Pert (0, 0.025, 0.04) | Pert (0, 0.025, 0.04) | Value from literature | Literature |
Market price for young healthy animal | XOF | PrYHA | Pert (216000, 270000, 324000) | Pert (29000, 36250, 43500) | 26,250 | Information provided by the respondents | FGD |
Market price for young sick animal | XOF | PrYSA | Pert (160000, 200000, 240000) | Pert (21460, 26825, 32190) | 20,000 | ||
Market price for adult healthy animal | XOF | PrAHA | Pert (304000, 380000, 456000) | Pert (32000, 40000, 48000) | 38,000 | ||
Market price for adult sick animal | XOF | PrASA | Pert (264000, 330000, 396000) | Pert (27840, 34800, 41760) | 30,000 | ||
Price of milk per litre for healthy animals | XOF | PrMHA | 557.92 | 601.70 | 530.88 | ||
Price of milk per litre for sick animals | XOF | PrMSA | 525.00 | 500.00 | 500.00 | Information provided by the respondents and triangulated with survey data from [38] | FGD and [38] |
Price of concentrate feed per kg | XOF | PrF | Pert (34.6, 43, 51.9) | Pert (34.6, 43, 51.9) | Pert (34.6, 43, 51.9) | Price of feed as reported by respondents | Survey |
Price of supplement per kg | XOF | PrS | 452.00 | 452.00 | 452.00 | Calculated based on data from [38] | Literature [38] |
Price of testing per animal | XOF | PrTe | 1050.00 | Pert (75.24, 83.6, 91.96) | Pert (75.24, 83.6, 91.96) | Information provided by the respondents | Survey, FGD |
Price of routine treatment per animal per day | XOF | PrRT | Pert (18, 23, 28) | Pert (18, 23, 28) | Pert (18, 23, 28) | Medical expenditure for animals in a herd include e.g. vaccination, deworming, tick treatment | Survey and [38] |
Price of clinical treatment per animal (for veterinary-use praziquantel) | XOF | PrTr | Pert (510.35, 567.05, 623.76) | Pert (510.35, 567.05, 623.76) | Pert (510.35, 567.05, 623.76) | Price of a praziquantel tablet for animals that have a clinical disease caused by schistosomiasis | Literature [39] |