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Table 4 Distribution of the parasitic load detected using H&E staining, IHC and qPCR, and the association with severity of dermal inflammation

From: Comparison of immunohistochemical and qPCR methods from granulomatous dermatitis lesions for detection of leishmania in dogs living in endemic areas: a preliminary study

Severity of dermal inflammation

(N)

Parasite load

H&E staininga

IHCa

qPCRa

Negative (−)

Suspect

(+/–)

Mild (+)

Moderate (++)

Intense (+++)

Negative (−)

Suspect

(+/–)

Mild (+)

Moderate (++)

Intense (+++)

Negative (−)

Low (+)

Moderate (++)

Intense (+++)

Mild (+)

(6)

5

0

0

0

1

5

0

0

0

1

2

3

0

1

Moderate (++)

(13)

7

2

1

1

2

7

1

1

3

1

3

4

2

4

Severe (+++)

(11)

5

3

0

2

1

3

0

6

0

2

4

0

3

4

χ2 (p)

5.7 (0.77)

15.64 (0.029)*

7.34 (0.29)

r (p)

0.18 (0.33)

0.26 (0.099)

0.13 (0.41)

  1. Numbers in table are the number of samples, unless indicated otherwise
  2. *Statistical difference
  3. aSee Methods section for a description of the grading system applied