Table 2 Common agricultural pesticides used in respective villages, their chemical class, frequency of use and resistance status
Village | Pesticide/herbicide | Trade name | Chemical class | Active ingredient | Frequency of use | Resistance status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
V1 | Both pesticides & herbicide (widespread use) | Karate 5EC | Pyrethroid | Lambda-cyhalothrin | High | CR |
KungFu 5EC | Pyrethroid | Lambda-cyhalothrin | High | CR | ||
Rapid Attack 344SE | Pyrethroid + Neonicotinoids | Cypermethrin + Imidacloprid | Moderate | CR− | ||
V2 | Both pesticides & herbicide (widespread use) | KungFu 5EC | Pyrethroid | Lambda-cyhalothrin | High | CR |
Profecron 720EC | Organophosphate | Profenofos | Moderate | PR | ||
Dasba 40EC | Organophosphate | Chlorpyrifos | Moderate | PR | ||
V3 | Both pesticides & herbicide(widespread use) | Actellic 50EC | Organophosphate | Pirimiphos-methyl | High | PR |
Karate 5EC | Pyrethroid | Lambda-cyhalothrin | High | CR | ||
KungFu 5EC | Pyrethroid | Lambda-cyhalothrin | High | CR | ||
Profecron 720EC | Organophosphate | Profenofos | High | CR | ||
V4 | Only herbicides (marginal use) | 2, 4 D Amine | Aryloxyacides II | 2, 4 D- dimethyl amine salt | Moderate | – |