Fig. 3

Effect of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) on Neospora caninum-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in caprine endometrial epithelial cells (EECs). a, b ROS levels detected by a DCFH-DA fluorescent probe. Scale bar, 50 µm. c, d The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) detected by JC-1. Scale bar, 50 µm. e ATP contents detected by an ATP Determination Kit. f Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy numbers detected by qPCR. The ROS levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP levels and mtDNA copy numbers were investigated in caprine EECs pre-treated with 50 μM resveratrol (RSV) or 20 μM Ex 527 for 1 h and then infected with N. caninum tachyzoites at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 3:1 (parasite:cell) for 48 h. Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation (SD) of three independent experiments. P-values were calculated using Student’s t test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. NS no significant difference was observed