Fig. 3

Transcriptional analysis of the Hc-HAP gene in different developmental stages of H. contortus. The relative quantities (compared with the egg state: Egg = 1) are shown as mean values ± SEM. The results presented here are representative of three independent experiments. Asterisks indicate significant differences at *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001. Abbreviations: L3, Infective third-state larva; mRNA, messenger RNA; ns, no significant difference; SEM, standard error of the mean; xL3s, exsheathed L3s