Table 2 Pre-clinical Trichuris-derived immunomodulators that have been tested in vivo or ex vivo
From: Whipworm secretions and their roles in host-parasite interactions
Name | UniProt IDa | Comments | References |
|---|---|---|---|
PGE2 | N/A (lipid) | Partial fractionation led to decreased expression of the chemokines CCL2, CXCL9, CCL8 and CCL19, increased expression of the chemokine CXCL16 and decreased TNF-α secretion from human DCs | Laan et al. [55] |
Triosephosphate isomerase (D918-00,560) | Not listed | Incubation of bone marrow-derived macrophages with recombinant T. suis triosephosphate isomerase and nucleoside diphosphate kinase significantly suppressed TNF-α secretion from mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages and DCs | Leroux et al. [17] |
Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (D918-00,383) | Not listed | ||
Chitinase KFD48490.1 | Not listed | Administration of a recombinant chitinase led to improved clinical symptoms in a murine OVA-induced allergic airway disease model, associated with reduced eosinophil recruitment to the lung | Ebner et al. [59] |
p43 | A0A5S6QYG9 | The structural similarity of p43 with part of the IL-13Rα-2 enables it to bind IL-13, a key cytokine for worm expulsion, thus promoting worm survival | Bancroft et al. [18] |