Table 1 Summary of phenotypic resistance bioassay results of the primary malaria and arbovirus vector species in PNG
From: Insecticide resistance in malaria and arbovirus vectors in Papua New Guinea, 2017–2022
Insecticide | An. farauti s.s.a | An. punctulatus s. l. | Anopheles. spp. | Ae. albopictus | Ae. aegypti | Aedes. spp. | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% [N] (95% CI) | s.s. | % [N] (95% CI) | s.l. | % [N] (95% CI) | Status | % [N] (95% CI) | Status | % [N] (95% CI) | Status | % [N] (95% CI) | Status | |
0.05% Deltamethrin | 100 [487] | S | 99.5 [2241] | S | 100 [45] | S | 98.7 [1059] | S | 31.8 [346] | R | 100 [48] | S |
(99.2–100) | (99.2–99.8) | (92.1–100) | (97.8–99.3) | (26.9–37.0) | (92.6–100) | |||||||
0.05% Lambdacyhalothrin | 100 [186] | S | 99.2 [757] | S | NA | NA | 99.7 [387] | S | 32 [50] | R | 100 [14] | Sb |
(98.0–100) | (98.5–99.8) | (98.6–100) | (19.5–46.7) | (76.8–100) | ||||||||
0.05% Alphacypermethrin | 100 [101] | S | 100 [172] | S | NA | NA | 100 [62] | S | 64.3 [42] | R | NA | NA |
(96.4–100) | (97.9–100) | (94.2–100) | (48.0–78.5) | |||||||||
0.75% Permethrin | 100 [99] | S | 100 [106] | S | NA | NA | 100 [88] | S | 10.7 [28] | Rb | NA | NA |
(96.3–100) | (96.6–100) | (95.6–100) | (2.3–28.2) | |||||||||
4% DDT | 100 [94] | S | 95.9 [1812] | PR | NA | NA | 78.5 [762] | R | 18.9 [127] | R | 89.5 [19] | Rb |
(96.2–100) | (94.9–96.8) | (75.4–81.4) | (12.5–26.8) | (66.9–98.7) | ||||||||
5% Malathion | 100 [97] | S | 100 [1051] | S | NA | NA | 97.2 [567] | PR | 99.5 [203] | S | 100 [51] | S |
(96.3–100) | (99.7–100) | (95.5–98.4) | (97.0–100.0) | (93.0–100) | ||||||||
0.25% Pirimiphos-methyl | 100 [114] | S | 100 [287] | S | NA | NA | 99.2 [129] | S | 100 [39] | Sb | NA | NA |
(96.8–100) | (98.7–100) | (95.8–100) | (91.0–100) | |||||||||
0.1% Bendiocarb | 100 [96] | S | 99.9 [1177] | S | NA | NA | 98.5 [922] | S | 94 [133] | PS | 100 [45] | S |
(96.2–100) | (99.5–100) | (97.5–99.2) | (88.0–97.0) | (92.1–100) | ||||||||