Fig. 3

A Proportion of study participants infectious to at least one mosquito in DMFAs (15/48, 31.2%) from all qPCR-positive study participants enrolled for DMFAs (N = 48). B Participants infectious to mosquitoes (N = 15) as detected with all three methods (eight participants, dark blue margin), mRDT and qPCR but not LM (nine participants, medium blue) and qPCR only (six participants, light blue). C Oocyst-infected mosquitoes per participant, majority of mosquitoes infected by only four participants (big slices, 85%). D Oocyst-infected mosquitoes from blood sources as detected with all three methods (84.2%, N = 250, dark blue margin), mRDT and qPCR positive but not LM (94.9%, N = 282 medium blue) and qPCR only (5.1%, N = 15 light blue). LM light microscopy; mRDT malaria rapid diagnostic test; qPCR quantitative polymerase chain reaction; DMFA direct membrane feeding assay