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Table 3 Directly measured and adjusted biting rates for Anopheles gambiae sensu lato in indoor residual spraying and control communities during the rainy season

From: Estimating malaria transmission risk through surveillance of human–vector interactions in northern Ghana

Description

IRS communities

Control communities

Directly measured biting rate of An. gambiae sensu lato

 Mean biting rates per night (b/p/n): (đɱhbr)

10.9

17.6

 Mean biting rates per month (b/p/m)

337.9

545.6

 Indoor/outdoor bite ratio

0.94

1.14

 Proportion of bites occurring before 10:00 pm (indoors/outdoors)

7.2/7.9%

10.2/8.8%

HBO-adjusted biting rate of An. gambiae sensu lato

 Total HBO-adjusted bites (b/p/n): (ћβt)

10.0

20.0

HBO- and parity-adjusted biting rate of An. gambiae sensu lato

 Total HBO and parity-adjusted per night (b/p/n): (ћβp)

4.2*

14.6

 Total HBO and parity-adjusted per month (b/p/m)

130.9

451.5

 Proportion of bites occurring before 10 pm (in/out)

2.9/40.7%

8.4/30.6%

 Proportion of bites prevented based on HBO and parity-adjusted biting rate for ITN users: [(ћβt) − (ћβp)]/(ћβt)

58.1%*

27.0%

 Degree of over-estimation (difference between HBO- and parity-adjusted and directly measured biting rates: [(đɱhbr)-(ћβp) ]/(đɱhbr)

61.5%

17.0%

  1. Human behavior observations (HBO)-adjusted bites = proportion of inhabitants involved in the four core activities × directly measured biting rates
  2. HBO- and parity-adjusted bites = HBO-adjusted bites × mean parity rates
  3. Proportion of people using insecticide-treated nets: IRS communities = 37.8%; control communities = 57.3%
  4. *Significant difference between communities at P < 0.05
  5. b/p/n Bites per person per night, ITN insecticide-treated net