Fig. 1From: Effects of larval exposure to sublethal doses of ivermectin on adult fitness and susceptibility to ivermectin in Anopheles gambiae s.s.Survival and development of larvae in water containing different concentrations of ivermectin. A Survival of larvae exposed from the L1/L2 stage to ivermectin. B Survival of larvae exposed from the L3/L4 stage to ivermectin. C Pupation rate in larvae exposed from the L1/L2 stage to ivermectin. D Pupation rate in larvae exposed from the L3/L4 stage to ivermectin. For pupation rate, results of six rearing trays (2 biological replicates each with 3 technical replicates) are plotted as mean values ± SEM. L1/L2 1st/2nd instar larvae, L3/L4-3rd/4th instar larvae, ppm part per millionBack to article page