Effects of larval exposure to sublethal doses of ivermectin on adult fitness and susceptibility to ivermectin in Anopheles gambiae s.s.

Table 3 Proportion of mosquitoes that laid eggs post continued exposure to different concentrations of ivermectin at the larval stages

Ivermectin concentration (ppm)	N^a	Biological rep^b	Number that laid eggs	Proportion that laid eggs (95% CI)	^cOR (95%CI)	p-value
L1/L2
0 (Control)	101	2	73	0.72 (0.63–0.80)	1	–
0.00001	112	2	78	0.70 (0.60–0.77)	0.68 (0.36–1.28)	0.23
0.0001	115	2	86	0.75 (0.66–0.82)	0.97 (0.51–1.82)	0.91
L3/L4
0 (Control)	99	2	64	0.65 (0.55–0.73)	1	-
0.00001	106	2	64	0.60 (0.51–0.69)	0.81 (0.46–1.43)	0.47
0.0001	97	2	72	0.74 (0.65–0.82)	1.55 (0.84–2.88)	0.16

Binary logistic regression, dependent variable binary (oviposit or no eggs), independent variables ivermectin concentration (indicator) and biological replicate, clustered by technical replicate (n = 3). L1/L2 1st/2nd instar larvae, L3/L4 3rd/4th instar larvae, ppm part per million
^aNumber of emergent adult mosquitoes that blood fed after exposure to ivermectin during larval stages
^bNumber of biological replicates overall per treatment group
^cAdjusted odds ratio

ISSN: 1756-3305