Fig. 10

ΔPbMAP1 infection induced stronger IFN-γ and TNF-α responses in infected mice. A BALB/c mice were infected with either ΔPbMAP1 or WT using 1 × 10⁴ iRBCs per mouse intraperitoneally. Parasitemia was monitored during the course of infection. Each circle represents an individual mouse. Analyses were performed with five animals per group. B–H Sera collected from infected mice at different time points. Time-dependent changes in serum levels of various cytokines and chemokines as quantified using a bead array (BD). Each circle refers to the response of a mouse, and lines indicate mean values. Statistically significant differences are shown with asterisks (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001)