Knowledge, perceptions and practices of health students and professionals regarding leishmaniasis in Portugal: a cross-sectional study

Table 6 Potential factors for knowledge (students and professionals), perception and practices scores above the respective median score, according to logistic regression models to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratio values

KPP	Potential risk factors	Univariate logistic regression model			Multivariate logistic regression model
KPP	Potential risk factors	Percentage in sample	Crude OR	95% CI	Adjusted OR	95% CI	P-value
K > 6.5 (students)^a	Female gender	83.3	1.37	0.62–3.03	1.65	0.71–3.80	0.242
	Age > 20 years	58.3	2.67	1.43–4.97	1.37	0.62–3.00	0.434
	Year of study > 2nd	60.9	4.23	2.08–8.61	3.49	1.48–8.21	0.004*
	No ownership of dog(s)	50.4	1.54	0.87–2.70	1.49	0.82–2.73	0.193
	Constant				0.036		< 0.001*
	Hosmer and Lemeshow test				Sig. = 0.975

	Potential risk factors	Univariate logistic regression model			Multivariate logistic regression model
		Percentage in Sample	Crude OR	95% CI	Adjusted OR	95% CI	p-value
K > 6.5 (professionals)^b	Male gender	28.4	3.01	1.25–7.25	1.48	0.43–5.12	0.534
	Age > 30 years	72.4	3.76	1.58–8.97	1.12	0.14–8.70	0.913
	Nyp experience ≥ 10	47.4	2.77	1.30–5.91	1.93	0.47–7.87	0.360
	ID specialty	23.1	14.88	3.28–67.63	2.05	0.34–12.26	0.432
	Seen cases of leishmaniasis	48.3	14.36	5.76–35.83	14.23	3.79–53.45	< 0.001*
	Specialist level	64.7	5.40	2.26–12.89	2.47	0.33–18.22	0.376
	No ownership of dog(s)	51.7	2.54	1.20–5.41	2.57	0.87–7.56	0.087
	Constant				0.043		0.092
	Hosmer and Lemeshow test				Sig. = 0.419

	Potential risk factors	Univariate logistic regression model			Multivariate logistic regression model
		Percentage in sample	Crude OR	95% CI	Adjusted OR	95% CI	p-value
Per score > 9 (global)^c	Professional	47.7	2.20	1.53–3.17	1.61	0.74–3.49	0.226
	Female gender	80.2	1.27	0.80–2.00	1.57	0.94–2.61	0.085
	Age > 25 years	54.2	1.98	1.37–2.86	1.42	0.65–3.13	0.381
	Residing outside Centro/LVT	38.3	1.62	1.12–2.35	1.51	0.99–2.28	0.051
	No ownership of dogs	47.4	2.23	1.54–3.23	2.19	1.46–3.27	< 0.001*
	K score > 6.5	45.5	5.11	3.47–7.53	4.69	3.03–7.28	< 0.001*
	Constant				0.452		0.116
	Hosmer and Lemeshow test				Sig. = 0.470

	Potential risk factors	Univariate logistic regression model			Multivariate logistic regression model
		Percentage in sample	Crude OR	95% CI	Adjusted OR	95% CI	p-value
Pra score > 1.5 (global)^d	Professional	47.7	1.10	0.76–1.57	1.45	0.84–2.51	0.180
	Age > 30 years	37.4	1.45	1.01–2.10	1.88	1.08–3.26	0.025*
	Residing outside Norte	70.4	1.54	1.03–2.32	1.56	1.03–2.34	0.035*
	K score > 6.5	45.5	1.24	0.87–1.78	1.17	0.78–1.76	0.439
	Constant				0.235		0.003
	Hosmer and Lemeshow test				Sig. = 0.934

CI Confidence interval, ID Infectious Diseases (speciality), K knowledge, LVT Lisboa e Vale do Tejo, Nyp number of years of professional, OR odds ratio, Pra Practices, Per Perceptions
* Statistically significant according to multivariate analysis
^aReference categories: male gender; age ≤ 20 years; first or second year of study;; ownership of dogs
^bReference categories: female gender; age ≤ 30 years; Nyp experience < 10; non-ID specialty; not previously seen cases of leishmaniasis; trainee level; ownership of dogs
^cReference categories: student; male gender; age ≤ 25 years; residing in Centro or LVT region; ownership of dogs; K score ≤ 6.5
^dReference categories: student; age ≤ 30 years; residing in Norte region; K score ≤ 6.5

ISSN: 1756-3305