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Table 1 Bivariate logistic regression analyses in 20,914 dogs tested for Babesia spp. by PCR from 2007 to 2020 in the laboratory LABOKLIN (Bad Kissingen, Germany)

From: Molecular detection of Babesia spp. in dogs in Germany (2007–2020) and identification of potential risk factors for infection

 

B

SE

Wald

P

Odds Ratio

95%-CI for Odds Ratio

Lower bound

Upper bound

Age (n = 18,685)

– 0.093

0.011

67.258

 < 0.001***

0.911

0.892

0.932

Sex (n = 19,348)

0.368

0.083

19.449

 < 0.001***

1.445

1.227

1.701

Year (n = 20,914)

0.026

0.011

5.549

0.018***

1.027

1.004

1.049

Seasonality (spring/autumn, Year (n = 20,914))

1.107

0.091

147.894

< 0.001***

3.025

2.530

3.615

Prophylaxis (n = 770)

1.108

0.345

10.306

0.001***

3.029

1.540

5.958

Travel/import (n = 1,482)

0.302

0.173

3.035

0.081

1.352

0.963

1.898

Tick attachment (n = 868)

2.031

0.308

43.494

< 0.001***

7.622

4.168

13.938

Month (January)

– 0.227

0.174

1.715

0.190

0.797

0.567

1.120

Month (February)

– 0.767

0.219

12.308

< 0.001***

0.464

0.303

0.713

Month (March)

– 0.105

0.162

0.422

0.516

0.900

0.656

1.236

Month (April)

0.583

0.166

25.081

< 0.001***

1.791

1.426

2.249

Month (May)

0.327

0.119

7.576

0.006***

1.386

1.099

1.749

Month (June)

– 0.545

0.158

11.955

0.001***

0.580

0.426

0.790

Month (July)

– 1.212

0.223

29.557

 < 0.001***

0.297

0.192

0.461

Month (August)

– 1.043

0.281

22.841

 < 0.001***

0.352

0.230

0.540

Month (September)

0.234

0.127

3.381

0.066

1.264

0.985

1.622

Month (October)

1.027

0.102

101.758

 < 0.001***

2.793

2.288

3.411

Month (November)

0.399

0.124

10.345

0.001***

1.490

1.169

1.900

Month (December)

– 0.830

0.229

13.146

 < 0.001***

0.436

0.279

0.683

  1. For all Wald statistics, 1 df
  2. B Unstandardized regression weight, CI confidence interval
  3. aVariable entered, dogs ≥ 7 years old
  4. bVariable entered, male dogs
  5. cVariable entered, year of testing (2007–2020)
  6. ***P < 0.001