Table 2 Major and minor blood meal hosts for Glossina spp.

Group I: Glossina feeding mainly on Suidae (G. austeni and G. fuscipleuris)

 G. austeni

2

2.3

Bushpig

Cattle

[12, 24]

 G. fuscipleuris

1

1.1

Bushpig

Cattle

[12]

Group II: Glossina feeding equally on Suidae and Bovidae (Glossina morsitans morsitans, G. m. submorsitans and G. m. centralis)

 G. m. morsitans

11

12.6

Kudu, buffalo, bushbuck, bushpig, warthog, elephant

Waterbuck, hippopotamus, rhino, reptiles, baboon

[19, 60, 77, 80]

 G. m. centralis

1

1.1

Human, cattle, dog, bushpig, African buffalo

Greater kudu, rat, bat, waterbuck

[50]

Group III: Glossina feeding mainly on Bovidae (Glossina pallidipes, G. longipalpis and G. fusca)

 G. pallidipes

21

24.1

Bushbuck, buffalo, greater kudu, elephant, human warthog, bushpig, hippopotamus

Chicken, mouse, goat, hyena, giraffe, antelope

[18, 27, 28, 71, 73]

 G. longipalpis

1

1.1

Bushbuck, Duiker

Monitor lizard, hippopotamus and rodents, bushpig, cattle, dog, chicken

[10]

 G. fusca

1

1.0

Bushbuck

Cattle, domestic pig, warthog

[12]

Group IV: Species feeding mainly on mammals other than the domestic pigs or Bovidae (Glossina longipennis and G. brevipalpis)

 G. swynnertoni

4

4.6

Buffalo, giraffe, warthog, elephant, human, hippopotamus

Hyena, ostrich, eland, baboon, Kori bustard, mice, waterbuck, pig, lion, duiker, gazelle

[28, 73]

 G. brevipalpis

4

4.6

Hippopotamus, bushbuck, elephant,

Warthog, bushpig, waterbuck, cattle, buffalo

[12, 74]

 G. longipennis

3

3.4

Bushpig, warthog, hippopotamus, buffalo, elephant, warthog

Rhino, dik-dik, ostrich

[12, 64]

Group 5: Species that fed on human and other available hosts (Glossina palpalis, G. fuscipes and G. tachinoides)

Reference

 G. p. palpalis

12

13.8

Pigs, human, cattle, Nile monitor lizard

Sheep, dog, duiker monkey, sitatunga, golden cat, warthog, bushbuck, hippopotamus, wild birds, rodents

[13, 40, 54, 55, 62]

 G. f. fuscipes

10

11.5

Buffalo, human, sitatunga, Nile monitor lizard, pig

Buffalo, sitatunga, duiker, bushpig, goat, African elephant, dog, African mud turtle

[49, 57, 61, 74, 75]

 G. tachinoides

3

3.4

Human, cattle,

Spotted hyena, giraffe, crocodile, goat

[38,39,40]

 G. p. gambiensis

4

4.6

Cattle, domestic pig, warthog

human, bushbuck, reptiles

[10, 19, 38, 39]

 G. medicorum

1

1.1

Bushbuck

Cattle, human, crocodile, monitor lizard, warthog, bushpig

[10]

 G. f. quanzensis

2

2.3

Human, pigs

[14, 59]

 G. pallicera

2

2.3

Human, pig,

Goat, sheep, python

[13, 29]

 G. tabaniformis

1

1 .1

Buffalo, human, sitatunga

Bushpig, duiker

[49]

 G. caliginea

2

2.3

Buffalo Human, snake

Goat

[61, 62]

 G. nigrofusca

2

2.3

Human

Sitatunga

[13]