Fig. 2

A Fluorescence values of the reactions containing Opisthorchis viverrini DNA and other helminth DNA were detected using a CFX96 Real-Time PCR System (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.). Results are displayed as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *** P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. B The image shows exposure of finished reaction tubes (Ov-RPA–CRISPR/Cas12a) to UV light. Only O. viverrini exhibited fluorescence when exposed to UV light. Tubes 1–8: nontemplate control (NTC), Al (A. lumbricoides), Tt (T. trichiura), Na (N. americanus), Ht (H. taichui), Cs (C. sinensis), Fg (F. gigantica), and Ov (O. viverrini, positive control). All reaction tubes were visually inspected using an UV transilluminator and photographed using a phone camera. C The image shows agarose gel electrophoresis of the RPA products. Only the reaction containing O. viverrini DNA showed the target amplicon at 281 bp. Lane M: 1 kb ladder (GeneRuler 1 kb Plus DNA Ladder, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.). Lanes 1–8: NTC, A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura, N. americanus, H. taichui, C. sinensis, F. gigantica, and O. viverrini. One of the three replicates was subjected to 1% gel electrophoresis (0.5× TBE, 100 V, ~ 35 min) and UV light assessment