Behavioral responses and life history traits of Taiwanese and Indonesian populations of Aedes aegypti surviving deltamethrin–clothianidin treatment

Table 1 Escape and mortality rates of Aedes aegypti exposed to deltamethrin–clothianidin in the contact irritancy treatment

Test populations	RR50 to deltamethrin	Mean of escaping mosquito ± SE (%)	Percent knockdown (Kd) and mortality in treatments
			% Kd 30-min exposure		% Mortality 24 h
			Esc ± SE	Non-esc ± SE	Esc ± SE	Non-esc ± SE
Laboratory strain
Bora Bora		69.0 ± 7.0^ab	0	27.28 ± 7.23	22.92 ± 14.60	27.28 ± 7.23
Indonesia population
Kiaracondong	7.45	68.5 ± 2.1^ab	0	0	0	0
Batam	8.69	80.0 ± 7.1^a	0	0	0	0
Jayapura	9.73	50.2 ± 12.4^abc	0	0	0	0
Semarang	10.98	71.4 ± 8.9^ab	0	0	0	0
Belitung	11.95	84.7 ± 2.8^a	0	0	0	0
Makassar	12.72	67.9 ± 4.1^ab	0	0	0	0
Pontianak	20.37	69.6 ± 8.0^ab	0	0	0	0
Medan	22.62	77.0 ± 15.8^a	0	0	0	0
Gading	24.35	82.8 ± 8.9^a	0	0	0	0
Samarinda	30.76	48.6 ± 6.9^abc	0	0	0	0
Kapuas	35.29	9.2 ± 1.8^c	0	0	0	0
Taiwan population
Annan	1.73	42.7 ± 11.0^abc	0	0	0	0
Zhongxi	1.76	75.8 ± 6.6^a	0	0	0	0
Sanmin	2.13	45.0 ± 6.2^abc	0	0	0	0
North	2.17	66.2 ± 16.9^ab	0	0	0	0
Xiaogang	2.69	56.0 ± 15.1^abc	0	0	0	0
Lingya	2.79	38.8 ± 3.2^abc	0	0	0	0
Qianzhen	88.64	24.1 ± 10.0^bc	0	0	0	0

RR50 resistance ratio, SE standard error, Esc escaped, Non-esc non-escaped
The values of RR50 were adopted from studies conducted by Yu et al. [27] and Silalahi et al. [35]. The mean escape percentage was adjusted considering the control mosquitoes using the Abbot formula. Numbers followed by different letters indicate significant differences between the field populations of Aedes aegypti (P < 0.05, analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s honestly significant difference test)

ISSN: 1756-3305