Fig. 4

BATT induces the reproductive development and egg production of S. japonicum. A Fast Blue BB staining (red) and DAPI labeling (gray) showing the vitellaria (left) and ovary (right) of unpaired adult S. japonicum females cultured in m-AB169 (1640) supplemented with BATT or DMSO on D12. Representative images from three experiments with n ≥ 20 parasites for each group. B The sizes (area) of the ovaries in adult female cultured in m-AB169 (1640) with BATT or DMSO on D12. n ≥ 20 females for each group. C Eggs laid per day per female parasite on D12 of the BATT treatment group and control group. n ≥ 20 females for each group. To count the eggs laid on D12, eggs in the wells were cleared on D11. D Fast Blue BB staining (red) and DAPI labeling (gray) showing the vitellaria (left) and ovary (right) of unpaired virgin S. japonicum females cultured in m-AB169 (1640) supplemented with BATT or DMSO on D26. Representative images from three experiments with n = 21 parasites for each group. E The sizes (area) of the ovaries in virgin females cultured in m-AB169 (1640) with BATT or DMSO on D26. n = 21 females for each group. F Eggs laid per day per female parasite in 26 days of the BATT treatment group and control group. n = 21 females for each group. The total number of eggs produced in 26 days was counted for calculation. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001, t test; Error bars represent the SD based on three separate experiments