Fig. 1

Toxoplasma gondii arrests primary human and bovine cells in the S-phase 24 h p.i. Three isolates of HUVEC, HFF, FHs74, BSIEC and BCEC were infected with T. gondii tachyzoites, and the samples were collected 24 h p.i. Fixed samples were stained with propidium iodide (PI) and analysed using FACS. Gating was performed by first selecting the cell population according to the shape and granularity. Then, the cell cycle phases were analysed using a histogram of the number of cells versus the PI signal. Cells in the first peak correspond to those in the G1-phase, the second peak to cells in the G2/M-phase, and cells in between the two peaks were cells in the S-phase. The results showed that all human cells were arrested in the S-phase (A), whilst only one bovine cell showed no effect on cell cycle progression before T. gondii infection (B). Graph bars represent the median ± SD of three biological replicates