Articles

A national survey of Ixodidae ticks on privately owned dogs in Italy

The geographical distribution of ticks on companion animals needs to be monitored to develop and plan effective control measures, as suggested by the European Scientific Counsel on Companion Animal Parasites. ...

Authors: Maria Paola Maurelli, Paola Pepe, Liliana Colombo, Rob Armstrong, Elena Battisti, Maria Elena Morgoglione, Dimitris Counturis, Laura Rinaldi, Giuseppe Cringoli, Ezio Ferroglio and Stefania Zanet

Amino acid permease 3 (aap3) coding sequence as a target for Leishmania identification and diagnosis of leishmaniases using high resolution melting analysis

The leishmaniases comprise a spectrum of clinical manifestations caused by different species of Leishmania. Identification of species is important for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up management. However, there...

Authors: Karl Erik Müller, Ricardo Andrade Zampieri, Juliana Ide Aoki, Sandra Marcia Muxel, Audun Helge Nerland and Lucile Maria Floeter-Winter

Pike intestinal reaction to Acanthocephalus lucii (Acanthocephala): immunohistochemical and ultrastructural surveys

The Northern pike, Esox lucius, is a large, long-lived, top-predator fish species and occupies a broad range of aquatic environments. This species is on its way to becoming an important model organism and has the...

Authors: Bahram Sayyaf Dezfuli, Luisa Giari, Massimo Lorenzoni, Antonella Carosi, Maurizio Manera and Giampaolo Bosi

In-home assessment of either topical fluralaner or topical selamectin for flea control in naturally infested cats in West Central Florida, USA

An investigation was conducted in West Central Florida, USA to evaluate the efficacy of either topically applied fluralaner or topically applied selamectin to control flea infestations, minimize dermatologic l...

Authors: Michael W. Dryden, Michael S. Canfield, Cara Bocon, Letitia Phan, Emily Niedfeldt, Amanda Kinnon, Stanislaw A. Warcholek, Vicki Smith, Todd S. Bress, Nicole Smith, Kathleen Heaney, Christine Royal, Dorothy Normile, Robert Armstrong and Fangshi Sun

Six-month field efficacy and safety of the combined treatment of dogs with Frontline Tri-Act® and NexGard Spectra®

Safety and efficacy of the combined monthly use of spot-on fipronil 6.76% w/v / permethrin 50.48% w/v (Frontline Tri-Act®) and chewable tablets of afoxolaner 1.9% w/w / milbemycin oxime 0.4% w/w (NexGard Spect...

Authors: Jessica M. Abbate, Ettore Napoli, Francesca Arfuso, Gabriella Gaglio, Salvatore Giannetto, Lenaig Halos, Frederic Beugnet and Emanuele Brianti

Attraction of Rhodnius prolixus males to a synthetic female-pheromone blend

The triatomine bug Rhodnius prolixus Stål, 1859 (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) is the primary vector of Chagas disease in Colombia and Venezuela. An important step in controlling Chagas disease is monitoring the growt...

Authors: Björn Bohman, Alyssa M. Weinstein, C. Rikard Unelius and Marcelo G. Lorenzo

Laboratory evaluation of the efficacy and speed of kill of lotilaner (Credelio^TM) against Ixodes ricinus ticks on cats

Lotilaner, approved for dogs as a chewable tablet formulation, has separately been developed for oral use in cats (Credelio^TM chewable tablets for cats), to meet the need for an easy to use, safe and rapidly effe...

Authors: Daniela Cavalleri, Martin Murphy, Wolfgang Seewald, Jason Drake and Steve Nanchen

Laboratory evaluation of the efficacy and speed of kill of lotilaner (Credelio™) against Ctenocephalides felis on cats

Lotilaner is approved for dogs as a chewable tablet formulation. It has separately been developed for oral administration in cats (Credelio™ chewable tablets for cats) to meet the need for an easy to use, safe...

Authors: Daniela Cavalleri, Martin Murphy, Wolfgang Seewald and Steve Nanchen

Epidemiology and ecology of West Nile virus in sub-Saharan Africa

West Nile virus (WNV) is the aetiological agent of the mosquito-borne zoonotic disease West Nile fever. The virus, first isolated in Uganda in 1937, evolved into two distinct lineages in sub-Saharan Africa (SS...

Authors: Waidi F. Sule, Daniel O. Oluwayelu, Luis M. Hernández-Triana, Anthony R. Fooks, Marietjie Venter and Nicholas Johnson

Bionomics of the oriental latrine fly Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) (Diptera: Calliphoridae): temporal fluctuation and reproductive potential

Chrysomya megacephala is a blow fly species of medical and forensic importance worldwide. Understanding its bionomics is essential for both designing effective fly control programs and its use in forensic investi...

Authors: Narin Sontigun, Kabkaew L. Sukontason, Tunwadee Klong-klaew, Sangob Sanit, Chutharat Samerjai, Pradya Somboon, Sa-nguansak Thanapornpoonpong, Jens Amendt and Kom Sukontason

A randomized, controlled field study to assess the efficacy and safety of lotilaner (Credelio™) in controlling ticks in client-owned cats in Europe

There is a continuing need for novel approaches to tick infestations treatment and control in cats. Lotilaner, an isoxazoline with rapid onset of action, has proven its efficacy against ticks in laboratory stu...

Authors: Daniela Cavalleri, Martin Murphy, Wolfgang Seewald and Steve Nanchen

A randomized, controlled field study to assess the efficacy and safety of lotilaner (Credelio™) in controlling fleas in client-owned cats in Europe

Lotilaner is a new isoxazoline developed as an oral ectoparasiticide for cats and dogs. Its safety, rapid killing onset of action and sustained speed of fleas and ticks kill for a minimum of one month after ad...

Authors: Daniela Cavalleri, Martin Murphy, Wolfgang Seewald and Steve Nanchen

Synergy in the adulticidal efficacy of essential oils for the improvement of permethrin toxicity against Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae)

In a previous screening program for mosquitocides from local edible plants in Thailand, essential oils (EOs) of Cyperus rotundus, Alpinia galanga and Cinnamomum verum, were found to possess promising adulticidal ...

Authors: Arpaporn Chansang, Danita Champakaew, Anuluck Junkum, Atchariya Jitpakdi, Doungporn Amornlerdpison, Arunee Kongdee Aldred, Doungrat Riyong, Anchalee Wannasan, Jitrawadee Intirach, Roongtawan Muangmoon and Benjawan Pitasawat

Safety of lotilaner flavoured chewable tablets (Credelio^TM) after oral administration in cats

Lotilaner is a new member of the isoxazoline class for treatment of flea and tick infestations in cats. This laboratory study with lotilaner vanilla-yeast flavoured chewable tablets (Credelio^TM, Elanco) investiga...

Authors: Emmanuelle A. Kuntz and Srinivas Kammanadiminti

Pharmacokinetics of lotilaner following a single oral or intravenous administration in cats

Credelio^TM (lotilaner) is an oral ectoparasiticide from the isoxazoline class developed for the treatment of flea and tick infestations in cats. It is formulated as a pure S-enantiomer in flavoured chewable table...

Authors: Céline E. Toutain, Wolfgang Seewald and Martin Jung

Widespread arenavirus occurrence and seroprevalence in small mammals, Nigeria

Lassa fever, killing thousands of people annually, is the most reported viral zoonotic disease in Nigeria. Recently, different rodent species carrying diverse lineages of the Lassa virus (LASV) in addition to ...

Authors: Ayodeji Olayemi, Akinlabi Oyeyiola, Adeoba Obadare, Joseph Igbokwe, Adetunji Samuel Adesina, Francis Onwe, Kingsley Nnanna Ukwaja, Nnennaya Anthony Ajayi, Toni Rieger, Stephan Günther and Elisabeth Fichet-Calvet

Lotilaner - a novel formulation for cats provides systemic tick and flea control

Authors: Ian Wright

Identification of Aedes aegypti cis-regulatory elements that promote gene expression in olfactory receptor neurons of distantly related dipteran insects

Sophisticated tools for manipulation of gene expression in select neurons, including neurons that regulate sexually dimorphic behaviors, are increasingly available for analysis of genetic model organisms. Howe...

Authors: Keshava Mysore, Ping Li and Molly Duman-Scheel

Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in children in Egypt

The transmission of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis into humans varies according to species/genotypes of the pathogens. Although infections with both parasites are recorded in Egypt, few data are avai...

Authors: Doaa Naguib, Adel H. El-Gohary, Dawn Roellig, Amro A. Mohamed, Nagah Arafat, Yuanfei Wang, Yaoyu Feng and Lihua Xiao

Comparative studies of Toxoplasma gondii transcriptomes: insights into stage conversion based on gene expression profiling and alternative splicing

Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most important apicomplexan parasites and infects one-third of the human population worldwide. Transformation between the tachyzoite and bradyzoite stages in the intermediate host ...

Authors: Long-Fei Chen, Xiao-Long Han, Fen-Xiang Li, Yun-Ying Yao, Jin-Ping Fang, Xiao-Ju Liu, Xiao-Cong Li, Kun Wu, Min Liu and Xiao-Guang Chen

Viola phlebovirus is a novel Phlebotomus fever serogroup member identified in Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) longipalpis from Brazilian Pantanal

High throughput sequencing (HTS) boosted the discovery of novel viruses and new variants of known viruses. Here we investigated the presence of viruses in 12 pools of sand flies captured in three climatic peri...

Authors: Michellen S. de Carvalho, Andressa Z. de Lara Pinto, Aquirya Pinheiro, Jorge S. V. Rodrigues, Fernando L. Melo, Leonardo Assis da Silva, Bergmann M. Ribeiro and Renata Dezengrini-Slhessarenko

Review of “Molecular Biology of Kinetoplastid Parasites” edited by Hemanta K. Majumder

Majumder HK, Editor.

Authors: Helen P. Price

Superimposed visceral leishmanial infection aggravates response to Heligmosomoides polygyrus

Polyparasitism is the rule in all animal species, including humans, and has an important role in pathogenicity, diagnosis and control measures. Among them, co-infections by gastrointestinal helminths and proti...

Authors: M. E. González-Sánchez, M. Cuquerella and J. M. Alunda

Temperature-dependent development and freezing survival of protostrongylid nematodes of Arctic ungulates: implications for transmission

Umingmakstrongylus pallikuukensis and Varestrongylus eleguneniensis are two potentially pathogenic lungworms of caribou and muskoxen in the Canadian Arctic. These parasites are currently undergoing northward rang...

Authors: Pratap Kafle, Stephanie J. Peacock, Sarah Grond, Karin Orsel and Susan Kutz

Biological compatibility between two temperate lineages of brown dog ticks, Rhipicephalus sanguineus (sensu lato)

The brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (sensu stricto) is reputed to be the most widespread tick of domestic dogs worldwide and has also been implicated in the transmission of many pathogens to dogs and huma...

Authors: Filipe Dantas-Torres, Maria Stefania Latrofa, Rafael Antonio Nascimento Ramos, Riccardo Paolo Lia, Gioia Capelli, Antonio Parisi, Daniele Porretta, Sandra Urbanelli and Domenico Otranto

Morphological plasticity in Myxobolus Bütschli, 1882: a taxonomic dilemma case and renaming of a parasite species of the common carp

Myxozoans are a group of cnidarian parasites, the present taxonomy of which favors a more comprehensive characterization strategy combining spore morphology, biological traits (host/organ specificity, tissue t...

Authors: Qingxiang Guo, Mingjun Huang, Yang Liu, Xiuping Zhang and Zemao Gu

Aedes aegypti in the Black Sea: recent introduction or ancient remnant?

The yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti transmits viral diseases that have plagued humans for centuries. Its ancestral home are forests of Africa and ~400–600 years ago it invaded the New World and later Europe a...

Authors: Panayiota Kotsakiozi, Andrea Gloria-Soria, Francis Schaffner, Vincent Robert and Jeffrey R. Powell

PD-1 deficiency promotes TFH cells expansion in ITV-immunized mice by upregulating cytokines secretion

T follicular helper (TFH) cells are fundamental for the development of humoral immunity. In our previous study, we found that PD-1 deficiency substantially promoted the expansion of Plasmodium-specific TFH cells ...

Authors: Taiping Liu, Xiangyun Cheng, Yan Ding, Feng Zhu, Yong Fu, Xiaohong Peng and Wenyue Xu

Controlled efficacy trial confirming toltrazuril resistance in a field isolate of ovine Eimeria spp.

Coccidiosis due to Eimeria spp. infections in lambs causes increased mortality and substantial production losses, and anticoccidials are important for control of the infection. Anticoccidial resistance has been r...

Authors: Ane Odden, Heidi L. Enemark, Antonio Ruiz, Lucy J. Robertson, Cecilie Ersdal, Silje K. Nes, Vibeke Tømmerberg and Snorre Stuen

Laboulbeniales (Fungi: Ascomycota) infection of bat flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) from Miniopterus schreibersii across Europe

Bat flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae and Streblidae) are obligate, blood-sucking ectoparasites of bats with specialized morphology, life-cycle and ecology. Bat flies are occasionally infected by different species...

Authors: Tamara Szentiványi, Danny Haelewaters, Walter P. Pfliegler, Laura Clément, Philippe Christe and Olivier Glaizot

Discovery of new Toxoplasma gondii antigenic proteins using a high throughput protein microarray approach screening sera of murine model infected orally with oocysts and tissue cysts

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that causes congenital toxoplasmosis, as well as other serious clinical presentations in immune compromised humans. The parasite has also been rec...

Authors: Mert Döşkaya, Li Liang, Aarti Jain, Hüseyin Can, Sultan Gülçe İz, Philip Louis Felgner, Aysu Değirmenci Döşkaya, David Huw Davies and Adnan Yüksel Gürüz

Prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis sp. isolates from poultry in Lebanon and evidence of zoonotic potential

Blastocystis sp. is a common protozoan parasite frequently identified in the digestive tract of humans and a large variety of animal hosts worldwide, including birds. It exhibits a large genetic diversity with th...

Authors: Stéphanie Greige, Dima El Safadi, Noémie Bécu, Nausicaa Gantois, Bruno Pereira, Magali Chabé, Sadia Benamrouz-Vanneste, Gabriela Certad, Rima El Hage, Marianne Chemaly, Monzer Hamze and Eric Viscogliosi

Anthelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes of alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in Australia

Gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) can cause significant economic losses in alpacas due to lowered production of fibre and meat. Although no anthelmintics are registered for use in alpacas, various classes of a...

Authors: Mohammed H. Rashid, Jane L. Vaughan, Mark A. Stevenson, Angus J. D. Campbell, Ian Beveridge and Abdul Jabbar

Antibody and cytokine response to Cystoisospora suis infections in immune-competent young pigs

To date, investigations on the immune response to Cystoisospora suis infections focused on suckling piglets, the age group clinically most affected. Actively immunizing piglets is unfeasible due to their immature...

Authors: Barbara Freudenschuss, Bärbel Ruttkowski, Aruna Shrestha, Ahmed Abd-Elfattah, Marc Pagès, Andrea Ladinig and Anja Joachim

Insecticide susceptibility status of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) in South-West Cameroon four years after long-lasting insecticidal net mass distribution

Members of the Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) complex are one of the major vectors of malaria in Africa. LLINs and IRS are the most effective tools used in vector control of malaria. However, their effectiveness may be...

Authors: Stravensky Térence Boussougou-Sambe, Wolfgang Ekoko Eyisap, Geraud Canis Taboue Tasse, Stanislas Elysee Mandeng, Lili Ranaise Mbakop, Peter Enyong, Josiane Etang, Eric Bertrand Fokam and Parfait H. Awono-Ambene

Circulation of Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve, Romania

Dirofilariosis is an emerging vector-borne parasitic disease in Europe. Monitoring of wild and domestic carnivores demonstrated circulation of Dirofilaria spp. in Romania in the past. For the implementation of co...

Authors: Alexandru Tomazatos, Daniel Cadar, Edina Török, Iulia Maranda, Cintia Horváth, Lujza Keresztes, Marina Spinu, Stephanie Jansen, Hanna Jöst, Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit, Egbert Tannich and Renke Lühken

Screening for biomarkers reflecting the progression of Babesia microti infection

Babesiosis is caused by the invasion of erythrocytes by parasites of the Babesia spp. Babesia microti is one of the primary causative agents of human babesiosis. To better understand the status of the disease, di...

Authors: Bin Xu, Xiu-Feng Liu, Yu-Chun Cai, Ji-Lei Huang, Rui-Xiang Zhang, Jun-Hu Chen, Xun-Jia Cheng, Xia Zhou, Xue-Nian Xu, Yan Zhou, Ting Zhang, Shen-Bo Chen, Jian Li, Qun-Feng Wu, Cheng-Song Sun, Yong-Feng Fu…

Predicting environmentally suitable areas for Anopheles superpictus Grassi (s.l.), Anopheles maculipennis Meigen (s.l.) and Anopheles sacharovi Favre (Diptera: Culicidae) in Iran

Malaria is an important mosquito-borne disease, transmitted to humans by Anopheles mosquitoes. The aim of this study was to gather all records of three main malaria vectors in Iran during the last decades, and to...

Authors: Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd, Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat, Hassan Vatandoost, Shahyad Azari-Hamidian and Kamran Pakdad

Evaluating the effectiveness of trematocides against Fasciola gigantica and amphistomes infections in cattle, using faecal egg count reduction tests in Iringa Rural and Arumeru Districts, Tanzania

Fasciolosis, caused by the liver fluke Fasciola gigantica, and paramphistomosis are widespread in cattle in Tanzania, and the use of trematocides is encouraged by the Government livestock extension officers. Howe...

Authors: Jahashi Nzalawahe, Rose Hannah, Ahmed A. Kassuku, John R. Stothard, Gerald Coles and Mark C. Eisler

Impact of partially and fully closed eaves on house entry rates by mosquitoes

Most people infected with malaria acquire the infection indoors from mosquito vectors that entered the house through open eaves, windows and doors. Structural house improvement (e.g. closed eaves and screened ...

Authors: Monicah M. Mburu, Malou Juurlink, Jeroen Spitzen, Paula Moraga, Alexandra Hiscox, Themba Mzilahowa, Willem Takken and Robert S. McCann

Plasmodium and intestinal parasite perturbations of the infected host’s inflammatory responses: a systematic review

Co-infection of malaria and intestinal parasites is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa and causes severe disease especially among the poorest populations. It has been shown that an intestinal parasite (helminth)...

Authors: Aminata Colle Lo, Babacar Faye, Ben Adu Gyan and Linda Eva Amoah

Competitive suppression of dengue virus replication occurs in chikungunya and dengue co-infected Mexican infants

Co-circulation of dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is increasing worldwide but information on the viral dynamics and immune response to DENV-CHIKV co-infection, particularly in young infants, ...

Authors: Mussaret B Zaidi, Julio Garcia-Cordero, Ricardo Rivero-Gomez, Josselin Corzo-Gomez, María Elena González y Almeida, Raúl Bonilla-Moreno, José Bustos-Arriaga, Nicolás Villegas-Sepulveda, Leopoldo Flores-Romo and Leticia Cedillo-Barron

Expression profiling of Trypanosoma congolense genes during development in the tsetse fly vector Glossina morsitans morsitans

The tsetse transmitted parasitic flagellate Trypanosoma congolense causes animal African trypanosomosis (AAT) across sub-Saharan Africa. AAT negatively impacts agricultural, economic, nutritional and subsequently...

Authors: Erick O. Awuoche, Brian L. Weiss, Paul O. Mireji, Aurélien Vigneron, Benson Nyambega, Grace Murilla and Serap Aksoy

Assessment of vector competence of UK mosquitoes for Usutu virus of African origin

Usutu virus (USUV) is an emerging zoonotic virus originally from sub-Saharan Africa. It has been introduced into Europe on multiple occasions, causing substantial mortality within the Eurasian blackbird (Turdus m...

Authors: Luis M. Hernández-Triana, Maria Fernández de Marco, Karen L. Mansfield, Leigh Thorne, Sarah Lumley, Denise Marston, Anthony A. Fooks and Nick Johnson

Canine babesiosis treatment rates in South African veterinary clinics between 2011 and 2016

South African veterinarians report the perception of a multi-year decline in the number of dogs presenting with clinical babesiosis, a common and serious disease of dogs in the country. This study tested this ...

Authors: Robert Lavan, Kaan Tunceli, Hendrik de Swardt, Carolyn Chelchinskey, Mats Abatzidis and Rob Armstrong

A single topical fluralaner application to cats and to dogs controls fleas for 12 weeks in a simulated home environment

Fluralaner (Bravecto®, Merck Animal Health, Madison, NJ, USA) is a novel isoxazoline that provides up to 12 weeks flea and tick control when administered orally to dogs. Two assessor-blinded studies, one in do...

Authors: Sivaja Ranjan, David Young and Fangshi Sun

Spatial and temporal relationships between human and canine visceral leishmaniases in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 2006–2013

Visceral leishmaniasis is a serious public health problem in Brazil, and control of this disease constitutes a major challenge. The purpose of this study was to assess the existing spatial and temporal relatio...

Authors: Fábio Raphael Pascoti Bruhn, Maria Helena Franco Morais, Denis Lucio Cardoso, Nádia Campos Pereira Bruhn, Fernando Ferreira and Christiane Maria Barcellos Magalhães da Rocha

Use of quantitative PCR to assess the efficacy of albendazole against Necator americanus and Ascaris spp. in Manufahi District, Timor-Leste

Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) including Ascaris lumbricoides, Necator americanus, Ancylostoma spp. and Trichuris trichiura are cause of significant global morbidity. To mitigate their disease burden, at-risk ...

Authors: Susana Vaz Nery, Jessica Qi, Stacey Llewellyn, Naomi E. Clarke, Rebecca Traub, Darren J. Gray, Andrew J. Vallely, Gail M. Williams, Ross M. Andrews, James S. McCarthy and Archie C. A. Clements

Multiplexed-tandem PCR (MT-PCR) assay to detect and differentiate gastrointestinal nematodes of alpacas

Gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) frequently infect South American camelids (alpacas and llamas) and cause economic losses due to reduced production of fiber, meat and/or leather. Our knowledge about the epide...

Authors: Mohammed H. Rashid, Hagos Gebrekidan and Abdul Jabbar

Isolation and identification of Asaia sp. in Anopheles spp. mosquitoes collected from Iranian malaria settings: steps toward applying paratransgenic tools against malaria

In recent years, the genus Asaia (Rhodospirillales: Acetobacteraceae) has been isolated from different Anopheles species and presented as a promising tool to combat malaria. This bacterium has unique features suc...

Authors: Abbas Rami, Abbasali Raz, Sedigheh Zakeri and Navid Dinparast Djadid