Fig. 4

Production of IL-2, IFN-γ and TNF-α-from CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells. a Co-cultured cells stained with anti-CD3⁺ and CD4⁺ markers were analyzed by flow cytometry to evaluate levels of IL-2, IL-4, IFN-γ and TNF-α. The percentage of IL-2-, IL-4-, IFN-γ- and TNF-α-producing cells was determined in live CD4⁺ cells. b Co-cultured cells stained with anti- CD3⁺ and CD8⁺ markers were analyzed by flow cytometry to evaluate levels of IL-2, IFN-γ and TNF-α. The percentage of IL-2-, IFN-γ- and TNF-α-producing cells was determined in live CD8⁺ cells. The data are expressed as the mean percentages of production cytokines in CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ cells from triplicate wells plus SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001