Table 1 Primers used for tick species confirmation and detection of pathogens in ticks

Tick species identification

 COX1

PCR

cox1F: GGAACAATATATTTAATTTTTGG

cox1R: ATCTATCCCTACTGTAAATATATG^a

849

55 °C

[51]

Babesia/Theileria spp.

 18S rRNA

PCR

BJ1: GTCTTGTAATTGGAATGATGG

BN2: TAGTTTATGGTTAGGACTACG^a

411–452

55 °C

[52]

Rickettsia spp.

 gltA

PCR

Rsfg877: GGGGGCCTGCTCACGGCGG

Rfsg1258: ATTGCAAAAAGTACAGTGAACA^a

381

56 °C

[53]

 ompA

PCR

Rr190.70p: ATGGCGAATATTTCTCCAAAA

Rr190.701n: GTTCCGTTAATGGCAGCATCT^a

631

46 °C

[54]

 ompB

Nested PCR

PCR1:

ompB-OF: GTAACCGGAAGTAATCGTTTCGTAA

ompB-OR: CTTTATAACCAGCTAAACCACC

Nested PCR:

ompB SFG-IF: GTTTAATACGTGCTGCTAACCAA^a

ompB SFG/TG-IR: GGTTTGGCCCATATACCATAAG^a

489

425

54 °C

56 °C

[55]

Borrelia spp.

 16S-23S rRNA

Nested PCR

PCR1:

Bospp-IGS-F: GTATGTTTAGTGAGGGGGGTG

Bospp-IGS-R: GGATCATAGCTCAGGTGGTTAG

Nested PCR:

Bospp-IGS-Fi: AGGGGGGTGAAGTCGTAACAAG

Bospp-IGS-Ri: GTCTGATAAACCTGAGGTCGGA^a

1007

388–685

56 °C

58 °C

[56]

Anaplasma phagocytophilum

Major surface protein 2 ( Msp2)

qPCR

ApMSP2f: TGGAAGGTAGTGTTGGTTATGGTATT

ApMSP2r: TTGGTCTTGAAGCGCTCGTA

ApMSP2p: TGGTGCCAGGGTTGAGCTTGAGATTG

77

60 °C

[57]

Tick-borne encephalitis virus

 3′non-coding region

RT-qPCR

F_TBE_1: GGGCGGTTCTTGTTCTCC

R_TBE_1: ACACATCACCTCCTTGTCAGACT

TBE-probe-WT: TGAGCCACCATCACCCAGACACA

67

60 °C

[58]